Driving mechanism for motor-cars



A. F. BAKER.

DRIVING MECHANlsM Foa MUTGR CARS.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 23| ISIS.

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DRIVING MECHANISM FOR MOTOR CARS.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 28. IBIS.

41,329,3 19, Patented Jan. 27, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2| m INVENTOR AR rg0/ E BAKER ATTORNEY UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR F. BAKER, OF SEDBO WOOLLEY, WASHINGTON, ASSIGNOR T0 THE PERFECTO GEAR DIFFERENTIAL CO., 0F SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, A CORPOBATIN.

DRIVING MECHANISM FOB MOTOB-CARS.

specification of netter raient.

' Patented Jan. 27, 1920.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ARTHUR F. BAKER, a citizen of` the United States, residingV at Sedro VV'oolley, in the county of Skagit and State of Washington, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Driving Mechanism for Motor-Cars, of which the following[` is a specification.

his invention relates to improvements in driving gears for motor vehicles, and the object of this improvement is to rovide a unitary variable speed dilerentia gearing that may be used to take the place of the differential mechanism now inMcommon use on motor vehicles and that will either add an additional speed change or permit the ,separate change speed gears now in common use on motor vehicles to be dispensed with if desired.

A further object is to provide a driving gear of this class that may be a plied to a re-built automobile or truck attaciiment with comparatively few alterations and changes in t e original dri-ving mechanism of the automobile.

A still further object is to adapt the variable speed gear for use in connection with a. worm drive and to interpose the variable speed gear between the worm gear and the differential mechanism. v

A still further object isto rovide a driving gear of thisnature tha is completel housed,that may run in a bath of oil an one that is equally will ada ted for use in connection with new, or reu-ilt motorvehicles.

The invention consists in the novel construction, of a chan' speed gear and the adaptation and com ination of such gear with a differential mechanism and worm drive, as Awill be-more clearly hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure'l isa view in vertical section of a driving gear constructed in accordance with this invention; Fig. 2 is a view in elevation, with certain parts broken away, of one side of the same as it might appear with Vthe housing. removed; Fig. 3 is a view 1n elevation with certain pins 16 on a spider l'i'.4

` wardly through an annular housiri parts broken away of the .side of the gear opposite to that shown` in Fig. 2 as it might appear with the housing removed; and Fig.

4 is a view in elevation illustratin partsy of the housing and gear shiftin mec anism with the gears removed there rom.

In the present invention I have combined a differential of the type which employs a master rin with a planetary s stem of gears, the intermediate gears of t e planetary system being connected to turn with the master ring of the differential, the power being communicated first through one of the other gears of the planetary system and the turning of theremaining gear of the planetary system being controlled, so as to thereby secure a change of speed in the turning ferential axles 9 and 10 whose outer ends connect with the driving wheels of the truck, notfshown, and whose inner ends terminate in squared ortions 11 that fit withinthe hubs 12 an 12 of bevel gears 13 and 14 res actively.

he bevel gears 18 and 14 are spaced apart and lare normally adapted to mesh with ,other bevel gears 15 that are mounted on The .pins 16 of the spider 17 project1out- 8. so

that when the housing 18 ,is turned t e `bevelars 15 will be turned therewith and will ive the gears 13 and 14 in the well known manner common to differential gears of the usual form of construction.

The bevel 'gears 13, 14, 15 and ring 18 together form a differential of a common construction and are illustrated' as bein typical of a suitable type of dlerentla. he annular housing 18 is preferably constructed in two arts that are divided on the line of the pins 16 and are secured together by bolts or screws 19 so that the dilierential can be assembled. This housing constitutes the master ring of the difieren* tial, that is the ring through which power is received and which revolves about they shafts or axles.

The annular housing 18 is formed with a transverse wall 20 that connects with a symmetrically arranged sleeve 21 of lesser diameter than the housing 18 that forms a bearing for the hub portion 12 of the gear wheel 13 and that terminates in a shouldered journal member 22 that is positioned within the end of the axle housing 7 and between which and the axle housing is interposed a ball-bearing 23 of any suitable form of construction,

The annular housing or master ring 18 is provided on the end opposite the wall 2O with four outwardly directed lu s or flange members 24, and with an inwar ly directed flange or li 25 that engages with the rear face of the gevel gear 14 and is spaced from the hub portion 12Yby a packing ring or washer 26.

The lu s 24 are each provided with a removable earing stud or pin 27 whereon is mounted a pinion 28, roller bearings 30 preferably being interposed between the pinions 28 and studs 27. These pinions 28 constitute the intermediate gears of the planetary system.

The outer ends of the studs 27 are reduced in diameter as at 31, and threaded for the reception of nuts 32, and the outer end of all of such studs are connected with each other by a rigid annular ring 33 that forms albrace and support for the outer ends of the Studs.V

The pinions 28 are adapted to mesh with a central gear wheel 34 that is secured to an annular plate 35 by bolts 36.

The late 35l is provided with inwardly directed) hub portion 37 that extends over the outer end ofthe hub ortion 12' and the gear wheel 34 is spaced rom the hub portion 12 b a ball bearing 38 that coperates with the ub ortion 37 in forming a j'ournal upon which the'diskf35 may rotate. This gear 34 is the central gear of the planetary system.

The disk 35 is also provided with an outwardly directed hub portion 40, that projects Within the end of the axle housing 8 and is journaled for rotation therein by a ball bearing 41.

The peripheral ortion of the plate 35 is rigidly connected y stud bolts 43 with an inwardly directed annular flange 44 on a worm gear 45 which is the primary driving ear.

\ The worm gear 45 is adapted to be engaged by a worm 46 on a driving shaft 47 that may be connected directly with a source ot power as with the engine of the truck. y

48 is an internally toothed ear or ring gear that is dis osed within t e limits of the worm gear 5 and is adapted to mesh with the four gear wheels 28, as more clearly shown in Fi s. 2 and 3. This is the external gear o the planetary system.

Within the periphery of the internal gear 48 are formed a plurality of transverse notches 50 that are adapted for the reception of spaced interfitting members 51 on a shiftable clutch ring 52, the arrangement being such that the clutch ring Will be caused to rotate with the internal gear 48 but may be moved sidewise with respect thereto.

The disk 35 is provided at a point opposite the ring 52 with a plurality of slots or recesses 53 into which the members ,51 may be projected to lock the internal gear 48 to the disk 35 and the fixed housing part 5 is provided with a plurality of similar recesses 54 that are formed between lugs 55 and are adapted for the reception of lugs 56 on the side of the clutch ring 52 opposite the members 51 to lock the ring to the differential housing and prevent rotation of the internal gear 48.

The clutch ring 52 is provided with an integral grooved shifter collar 57 within which are disposed two oppositely arranged shifter elements 58 that are connected by pins 60 with the ends of two curved shifter arms 61 that extend to and are rigidly secured on a stub shaft 62 that may be journaled in any convenient manner and connected with suitable devices whereby it may be oscillated to shift the ring 52 sidewise and selectively lock the internal gear to the disk 35 or to the fixed housing 5 or to release the ring gear from both the disk 35 and housing 5 thereby affording a neutral position.

'The worm gear 45 is provided at a plurality of points with recesses 63 that serve as housings for compression springs 64, the inner ends of which are in engagement with stops 65 that are adjustably supported by screws 66 that are provided with lock nuts 67. The compressive force of the springs may be varied in an obvious manner y wdjusting the screws 66.

The outer ends of the springs are disposed around spindles 68 and bear against a ring 70 that frictionally engages the side of the collar 57, the spindles .68 being ixedly secured to the rin 70.

The springs 4 exert a constant ressure against the r1ng`70 which pressure 1s .transmitted to the shifter ring 52 and serves at all times to urge the shifter ring to the right as viewed in Fig. 1. This pressure serves to urge the lugs 56 into engagement with the fixed housing and also serves to take up the play of the ring 52 in all of its operative positions.

When the shifter ring 52 is in the position shown in Fig. 1 the gear is in neutral. If the worm ear 45 is driven when the parts are in this position, the` ear wheel 34 will rotate the pinions 28 W ich in turn will idly rotate the loosely mounted internal gear 48 and ring 52.

Where the clutch ring 52 is moved so that the members 51 engage within the slots 53 of the plate 35 the plate 35, internal gear 48, pinions 28 and gear wheel 34 all rigidly locked together so that there will be no relative rotation between the several ears, and the housing 17 including the differential proper will be rotated with the worm gear 45 thereby forming a direct high speed drive, and, neglecting the action of the differential, rotating the axles 9 and 10 at the same speed as the worm gear 45.

The low speed drive is obtained by shifting the clutch ring element 56 into engagement with the lugs 55 and thereb lookin the internal gear 48 to the fixed diierentia housing 5.

When the internal ugggear 48 is locked in a fixed position and the disk 35 is driven the gear wheel 34 will rotate the pinions 28 which will roll on the fixed internal ar and carry the housing 17 with them in t e same direction in which the ar wheel 34 is rotated but at a much s ower speed.

When the device is in use the housing formed by the parts 5 and 6 may be filled with grease so that all of the gears and bearings will be thoroughly lubricated.

It is obvious'that changes in the form of construction of the various arts of this device may be resorted to wit in the scope of the following claims.

What I claim as new, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is: l

1. In a power transmission devicein combination, two axles, a differential mechanism through which said axles are driven,

a planetary gear system to which the power is applied, and means for driving the differential through the intermediate gears of the planetary gear system.

2. The combination with a differential gear system of a planetary gear system having its intermediate gears connected to turn with the master ring of the differential, and means for optionally securing one of the other gears of the planetary system to turn with the master ring of the differential or to prevent its turnin 3. The combination with a differential of a planetary gear system having its intermediate gears journaled upon the master" `between said driving member and sai differential gear, and means for rendering said speed reduction gear mechanism inoperative and establishin a direct driving connection between said driving member and said differential gear. y

5. In a transmission of the class described the combination with differential axles of a differential gear connected therewith, a fixed housing for said differential gear, a worm wheel mounted for rotation at the side of said differential gear, means for driving said worm wheel, a speed reduction gear mechanism interposed between said worm wheel and said differential gear and means for rendering said speed reduction gear mechanism inoperative and locking said differential gear to said worm wheel to establish a direct drive.

6. In a transmission of the class described the combination with differential axles, of a differential gear connected therewith, a fixed transmission housing, a cage for said differential gear, a disk mounted for rotation adapted to be engaged by said clutch ring to lock said internal gear to said fixed housing, a gear wheel fixedly secured 'to the hub ortion of said disk and a plurality of pinions rotatably mounted on said `differential cage and adapted to mesh with said internal gear and with said gear wheel on said disk. 'i'. A transmission of the class described .Comprising a diferential gear, a cage for said differential gear, a plurality of pinions rotatably mounted on said cage, a driven gear wheel disposed to engage with the inner peripheral portions of said nions and in mesh therewith, an interna gear surrounding said pinions and in mesh therewith, a fixed housing, and means for selectively locking said internal gear to said driven gear wheel or said xed housing.

8. In a transmission of the class described the combination with the differential axles of a motor vehicle of a dierential gear connected therewith, a fixed housing for the transmission, a cage for said differential ear, a disk rotatably mounted Within the rality of pinions rotatably mounted'on said xed housin a Worm wheel secured to the differential cage and adapted to mesh with periphery o said disk, a Worm in driving said gear Wheel and said internal ear and engagement With said Worm Wheel, an inmeans for shifting said clutch colar. 15 5 ternal gear mounted Within the said Worm Si ed by me at Seattle, Washington, this Wheel, a clutch ring connected witg thefin- 4th ay of January, 1918. ternal ear and movable sidewise t ereo to selectiwly release said internal gear or to ARTHUR F' BAKER' lock said internal gear to said Worm or to Witnesses: 10 said fixed housing, a gear Wheel ixedly se- E. B. HERALD, cured to the hub portion of said disk a plu- D. C. KUHNS. 

